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Epipremnum pinnatum

(L.) Engl. (1908)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Alismatales Family: Araceae Genus: Epipremnum

golden pothos, pothos, taro vine

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: High–climbing lianas or hemiepiphytes.

Stems: Stems to 2–4 cm in diameter, often with aerial roots.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades ovate to broadly ovate lanceolate or cordate, up to 1 m long and 0.5 m wide. Blades green with irregular yellow markings. Margins entire in juveniles, pinnatifid in adult plants. Petioles stout, sulcate, up to 32 cm (or more?) long, cataphylls soon withering but persistent as a fibrous mat. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences several together, erect; spathe cream, soon withering, navicular; spadix cream, up to 17 cm long and 3 cm in diameter, slightly shorter than spathe. Flowers unisexual, naked. Calyx absent. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 4. Ovary superior, truncate, 1-celled or partially 2-celled; ovules 2(–8), basal on an intrusive placenta; stigma sessile, oblong-linear.

Fruit: Berries 1–2–seeded. Seeds reniform; ca. 4.5 × 3.5 mm.

Ploidy: 2n = 50; 60; 70; 74

Habitat: Common as an escaped hemiepiphytic vine; climbing on the trunks of trees and into the forest canopy; primarily in disturbed areas and along roadsides.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Synonyms (48)

Epipremnum angustilobum K.Krause (1911)
Epipremnum crassifolium Engl. (1898)
Epipremnum elegans Engl. (1879)
Epipremnum elegans f. ternatensis Alderw. (1922)
Epipremnum formosanum Hayata (1915)
Epipremnum glaucicephalum Elmer (1938)
Epipremnum merrillii Engl. & K.Krause (1908)
Epipremnum mirabile Schott (1858)
Epipremnum mirabile f. eperforatum Engl. (1898)
Epipremnum mirabile f. multisectum Engl. (1898)
Epipremnum pinnatum f. multisectum (Engl.) Engl. (1908)
Epipremnum pinnatum var. aureum
Epipremnum pinnatum ‘Aureum’
Epipremnum robinsonii K.Krause (1912)
Monstera caudata (Roxb.) Schott (1830)
Monstera dilacerata (K.Koch & Sello) K.Koch (1855)
Monstera pinnata (L.) Schott (1830)
Philodendron dilaceratum Engl. (1879)
Philodendron nechodomae Britton (1926)
Philodendron nechodomii Britton
Philodendron pinnatum (L.) André (1866)
Polypodium laciniatum Burm.f. (1768)
Pothos caudatus Roxb. (1820)
Pothos decursivus Wall. (1831)
Pothos pinnatifidus Roxb. (1820)
Pothos pinnatus L. (1763)
Rhaphidophora caudata (Roxb.) Schott (1860)
Rhaphidophora crassifolia (Engl.) Alderw. (1920)
Rhaphidophora cunninghamii Schott (1861)
Rhaphidophora dilacerata (K.Koch & Sello) K.Koch (1864)
Rhaphidophora formosana (Hayata) M.Hotta (1970)
Rhaphidophora laciniata (Burm.f.) Merr. (1921)
Rhaphidophora lovellae F.M.Bailey (1897)
Rhaphidophora merrillii Engl. (1905)
Rhaphidophora neocaledonica Guillaumin (1937)
Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.) Schott (1857)
Rhaphidophora pinnatifida (Roxb.) Schott (1857)
Rhaphidophora rosenburghii Furtado (1935)
Rhaphidophora vitiensis Schott (1861)
Rhaphidophora wallichii Schott (1860)
Scindapsus bipinnatifidus Teijsm. & Binn. (1866)
Scindapsus caudatus (Roxb.) Schott (1832)
Scindapsus decursivus Moritzi (1854)
Scindapsus dilaceratus K.Koch & Sello (1853)
Scindapsus forsteri Endl. (1836)
Scindapsus pinnatifidus (Roxb.) Schott (1832)
Scindapsus pinnatus (L.) Schott (1832)
Tornelia dilacerata (K.Koch & Sello) Schott (1860)

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Not in flora
Maui Not in flora
Hawai'i Not in flora

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Pflanzenr., IV, 23B: 60 (1908)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1359 (K, O, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:594, 595 (KEY), 604 (DESCR); Oppenheimer 2007:18 (Mo); Faccenda & Strong 2024:172 (E. pinnatum misapplied, in part = E. aureum, remove Mo, M, H [re-IDed as E. aureum], KEY)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence 7600 Maui BISH
2 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. honolulu: nuuanu valley; 3785 old pali road; residence of betty ho Growing on a post in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2287 Oahu BISH 4/21/1986
3 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Halawa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H80513 Molokai BISH 8/19/2005
4 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. honolulu: 2365 oahu ave Climbing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 10509 Oahu BISH 4/27/1930
5 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. puna district; puna district: between kapoho and pohoiki Near coast. Vine on ground near road growing near Schinus, Thespesia and other alien plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. collector number: 2078 Hawaii BISH 9/20/1987
6 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. lihue, haiku road, ~1/4 mi. from hulemalu road jct., e fork toward power plant Samanea, Macaranga, Panicum, Syzygium, Hibiscus, Merremia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 7118 Kauai BISH 4/2/2004
7 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. he'eia state park, 46-465 kamehameha hwy, at kealohi point Cultivated PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. r. annable 3113 NY 11/6/1996
8 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. originally as waimea 81p157 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN thomas b. croat croat 73986 MO
9 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau lau 2225 MO 4/14/1986
10 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Cultivated, climbing on rocks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN harold st. john; b.1892; d.1991; h.st.john 10509 NHMUK 4/27/1930
11 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Lawai Valley, Allerton Garden, from "Jungle Garden" area near coast, elev. ca. 3-5 m. Cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 7458 Kauai PTBG 5/16/1994
12 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Lawai Valley, National Tropical Botanical Garden, Maidenhair Falls section, east of Lawai Stream, elev. ca. 30-35 m. Cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 7600 Kauai PTBG 11/2/1994
13 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Just East of Haena along Highway 56; vacant lot belonging to State of Hawaii (TM no. 5.8.12), for proposed Boy Scout camp. Secondary forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 7201 Kauai PTBG 4/26/1992
14 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Haiku Road. Approx. ¼ mile from junction with Hulemalu road, east fork of Haiku Road towards power plant. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 7118 Kauai PTBG 4/2/2004
15 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Hanalei Dist., just E of Haena along Hwy 56 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D. H.; Black, J. 7201 Kauai US 4/26/1992
16 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Halawa Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H80513 Molokai PTBG 8/19/2005
17 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. halawa valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. l. oppenheimer h80513 Molokai US 8/19/2005
18 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Upper Lawn Mauka, H.L. Lyon Arboretum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Spence, G. 462 Oahu US 3/1/1977
19 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Kawainui Marsh, at site of former Kailua Nursery, Pali Hwy at Quarry Rd. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Smith, L. B. 123 Oahu US 6/22/1976
20 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. upper lawn mauka, h.l. lyon arboretum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. spence 462 Oahu US
21 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Halawa Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN H. L. Oppenheimer H80513 Molokai US 8/19/2005
22 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. hanalei dist., just e of haena along hwy 56 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. h. lorence & j. black 7201 Oahu US 4/26/1992
23 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. manoa valley along stream, Clidemia covered banks near Cyrtandra macraei 2586 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. g. yuncker 3145 Oahu US 10/2/1932
24 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Kaula and Engineer Islands. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. 8827 US 9/20/1987
25 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. upper lawn mauka, h.l. lyon arboretum mixed lowland wet forest; pigs, Kalanchoe, Setaria palmifolia, Ageratum conyzoides, Erigeron, Sacciolepis indicus, rats, landslides, human ecotours PRESERVED_SPECIMEN g. spence 462 Kauai US
26 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Halawa Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H. L. H80513 Molokai US 8/19/2005
27 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Manoa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Yuncker, T. G. 3145 Oahu US 10/2/1932
28 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Honolulu: Nuuanu Valley; 3785 Old Pali Road; residence of Betty Ho Growing on a post in full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2287 Oahu BISH 4/21/1986
29 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. kawainui marsh, at site of former kailua nursery, pali hwy at quarry rd. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN l. b. smith 123 Oahu US 6/22/1976
30 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. honolulu: 1911 keeaumoku st PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. collector number: s.n. Nihoa BISH 12/12/1930
31 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Koloa Dist.; NTBG, Lawai Valley, Maidenhair Falls section, east of Lawai Stream On rocky slope. Cultivated as ground cover. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 7600 Kauai BISH 11/2/1994
32 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Koloa District; Lawai Valley Allerton Garden, Lawai Kai, from "Jungle Garden" area Near coast. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 7458 Kauai BISH 5/16/1994
33 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Lihue, Haiku Road, ~1/4 mi from Hulemalu road jct., E fork toward power plant Samanea, Macaranga, Panicum, Syzygium, Hibiscus, Merremia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 7118 Kauai BISH 4/2/2004
34 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Wahiawa; Wahiawa Botanic Garden A root-climber climbing many meters up a shaded tree trunk. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2225 Oahu BISH 4/14/1986
35 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. 46-465 Kamehameha Highway at Kealohi Point; Heeia State Park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Annable, C.R. 3113 Oahu BISH 11/6/1996
36 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. makiki; honolulu: makiki heights area; 2377 makiki heights dr In partial shade. A root climber climbing on walls and tree trunks, or trailing on the ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. cory, c. collector number: 2072 Oahu BISH 3/3/1986
37 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. wailuku, wailuku district, west maui forest reserve, between wailuku and iao valley parking lot, along road Climbing into trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. imada, c.; takeuchi, w. collector number: 5829 Maui BISH 3/6/1988
38 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. honolulu: nuuanu valley; 2436 burbank st., j. l. robertson's garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 7/1/1943
39 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. honolulu: manoa valley; lyon arboretum upper lawn mauka Climbing vines growing into trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN spence, g. collector number: 462 Oahu BISH 3/1/1977
40 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. lihue, haiku road, ~1/4 mi. from hulemalu road jct., e fork toward power plant PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 7118 Kauai BISH 4/2/2004
41 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. wahiawa; wahiawa botanic garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. cory, c. collector number: 2225 Kauai BISH 4/14/1986
42 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Puna District: Collected in the ahupuaa of Halepuaa. Growing on the Puna Trail near the Experimental Tree Planting area Growing on the trail. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kubo, R. Collector Number: 33 Hawaii BISH 5/10/1979
43 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. 46-465 kamehameha highway at kealohi point; heeia state park PRESERVED_SPECIMEN annable, c.r. atha, d. collector number: 3113 Oahu BISH 11/6/1996
44 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. south kona; south kona: above hookena Climbing into trees near roadside. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. collector number: 2070 Hawaii BISH 8/22/1987
45 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Halawa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H80513 Molokai BISH 8/19/2005
46 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Koloa, Lawai Valley, NTBG, McBryde Garden, Big Valley, N end of hau tunnel to Bamboo Bridge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN H. L. Oppenheimer H80513 Kauai HAPI 8/19/2005
47 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. halawa valley Montane Acacia colony (mountain parkland formation). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h80513 Hawaii BISH 8/19/2005
48 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. Puna District: Collected in the ahupuaa of Halepuaa. Growing on the Puna Trail near the Experimental Tree Planting area Growing on the trail. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kubo, R. 33 Hawaii BISH 5/10/1979
49 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. koloa dist.; ntbg, lawai valley, maidenhair falls section, east of lawai stream On rocky slope. Cultivated as ground cover. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. collector number: 7600 Kauai BISH 11/2/1994
50 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. puna district: collected in the ahupuaa of halepuaa. growing on the puna trail near the experimental tree planting area Growing on the trail. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kubo, r. collector number: 33 Hawaii BISH 5/10/1979
51 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. molokai community college farm Growing in shade house. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN evans, m. collector number: m-10 Molokai BISH 6/29/1990
52 Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. koloa district; lawai valley allerton garden, lawai kai, from "jungle garden" area Near coast. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. flynn, t. collector number: 7458 Kauai BISH 5/16/1994
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